Market tracker
The humanoid market, tracked
Prices move weekly and new machines land monthly. We log every meaningful shift, dated and sourced, so the catalog you rely on is never a stale snapshot. This is that log.
Latest tracked move: Oct 2, 2026
103
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Coming up
Dated rule and tariff changes that will move what you can buy and what it costs.
EU Machinery Regulation (EU) 2023/1230 becomes applicable
The new EU Machinery Regulation applies from Jan 20, 2027, replacing the Machinery Directive and, for the first time, covering AI-driven safety functions, autonomous mobile machinery and cybersecurity. Humanoid robots placed on the EU market from that date must meet its requirements.
EU-OSHAEU Battery Regulation removability rules take effect
From Feb 18, 2027, the EU Battery Regulation (EU) 2023/1542 requires portable batteries to be easily removable and replaceable by end users, with spare parts available for at least five years and a digital battery passport for larger batteries. This shapes how humanoid robots sold in the EU must handle their power packs.
Cooley ProductwiseEU AI Act high-risk (Annex III) obligations deadline (deferred)
Under the 2026 Digital Omnibus package (Regulation (EU) 2026/1744, published in the Official Journal on July 24, 2026 and in force since July 27, 2026), the EU AI Act's obligations for standalone Annex III high-risk AI systems were deferred to Dec 2, 2027 (from Aug 2, 2026). This is the planning anchor where a humanoid's AI is used in high-risk contexts.
Trilateral ResearchWhat has happened
- Regulation
The FCC's third robot exemption goes to a floor cleaner, and it says how a buyer can check a robot is authorized
On 2 October 2026 the FCC announced a Department of War Conditional Approval for Matic Robots' robotic floor cleaner (model 4MA0001 and its dock), after ANSCER's AR250, AR650 and AR1250 platforms on 18 September and Husqvarna's mowers on 9 September (Public Notice DA 26-1063). No humanoid has one. The same day the FCC updated its robots FAQ: models authorized before 28 July 2026 can still be imported and sold, a device with a valid FCC ID or Supplier's Declaration of Conformity compliance information counts as authorized, and buyers may ask the importer or seller for that information. A self-declared authorization has no FCC ID, so a missing public record is not proof a model is barred; each datasheet shows the FCC ID where one is on record and tells US buyers what to ask for otherwise.
- Tariff
The trade court asks for more briefing on the forced-labor duty; the roughly 40% China rate is still collected
Two days after oral argument, the three-judge Court of International Trade panel hearing the Section 301 forced-labor cases ordered further briefing by 16 October 2026 on four questions, including which statutory provision USTR relied on, how that affects vacatur, and whether plaintiffs have standing country by country. There is no ruling yet, so the 12.5% forced-labor duty, and with it the roughly 40% US duty on China-built robots, is still being collected.
- Availability
Aldebaran's NAO cloud services end; owners need the Maxtronics update
Aldebaran's cloud services were permanently discontinued on 1 October 2026. A NAO6 that has not taken the free Maxtronics software update can no longer reach the app store, software updates or remote speech recognition; it keeps working offline, and updated robots move to Maxtronics' own cloud. Anyone buying a NAO6, new or refurbished, should ask the seller to confirm the update.
- Launch
Boston Dynamics shows a new Atlas hand with four fingers and 13 degrees of freedom
Boston Dynamics introduced a new generation hand for Atlas: four directly actuated fingers including a more dexterous thumb, 13 degrees of freedom in total, one actuator type throughout, and a design built for high-fidelity simulation so manipulation policies trained in simulation transfer to the robot. Atlas itself is still sold only to Hyundai and selected enterprise partners.
- Price
Agility's SEC filing puts Digit 5 at about $200,000 to own or $8,500 a month to rent
Agility Robotics' amended merger filing gives illustrative unit economics for Digit 5: about $200,000 one-time for the robot plus about $20,000 to deploy it and an annual software and maintenance subscription, or a robots-as-a-service fee of $8,500 a month plus about $25,000 to deploy. These are the company's planning figures rather than a published list price, and the first public numbers from Agility itself; the ~$250,000 widely quoted before came from aggregators.
- Milestone
IDC: nearly 25,000 humanoid robots shipped worldwide in the first half of 2026, 78% of them from China
IDC figures reported on 29 September 2026 put global humanoid robot shipments at nearly 25,000 units in the first half of 2026, up 432.1% year on year, with China shipping more than 19,000 of them (77.9%). IDC also raised its forecast for shipments in 2030 to more than 750,000 units.
- Availability
Astribot opens US sales of the T1 from $18,000
At IROS 2026 in Pittsburgh, Astribot brought the T1 to North America and said US customers can order it now, with pricing from $18,000 and immediate delivery available. Orders go through Astribot's sales team, with no online checkout, and Astribot has not said whether the T1 holds the FCC equipment authorization that new foreign-made robots have needed since the 28 July Covered List action.
- Availability
Most UWORLD U1 preorders slip into 2027
UBTech's CEO told investors that only 1,500 to 2,000 U1 will be delivered in 2026 against more than 13,400 orders, the U1 Pro first, after its Guangxi factory started two to three months late. On 29 September UBWorld's Tmall store told buyers the first batch had moved from 16 September to 30 November; UBTech called that report inaccurate and said deliveries have begun.
- Milestone
AgiBot's 20,000th robot goes to Chimelong's theme park
On 24 September 2026 AgiBot and Chimelong Group launched a deployment of more than 300 robots at Chimelong Spaceship Park in Zhuhai, and AgiBot delivered the 20,000th robot from its production line there (its release calls it a humanoid). It is a production count across AgiBot's line-up, not a count of sales to individuals.
- Availability
Unitree's official US partner starts selling the H2 Plus from US stock, from $83,600
Toborlife AI, Unitree's official US partner, began selling the H2 Plus to North American buyers from US inventory, shipping directly from the US with a Unitree-authorized service center. Its store lists the H2 Plus Ultimate (Jetson Thor compute, dummy hands) from $83,600 with free shipping, and hand options from $1,160 to $156,400 for the SharpaWave pair. Unitree's own store still sells it by quote: the $100,000.00 it shows is the figure it prints for every quote-only machine.
- Tariff
The US and China extend their trade truce to 10 January 2027
Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent said on 23 September 2026 that the Busan Agreement, the US-China trade truce that was due to end on 10 November, is extended to 10 January 2027. For humanoid buyers it changes no rate collected today: the truce suspends threatened increases, while the 25% Section 301 duty and the 12.5% forced-labor duty on China-built robots stay in force, about 40% in total on the standard classification. The Court of International Trade hears the challenges to the forced-labor duty on 30 September.
- Funding
China's regulators slow the rush of humanoid IPOs
Reuters reported on 21 September 2026 that Chinese regulators are using informal window guidance to slow humanoid robot listings, with one person describing humanoid IPOs as effectively frozen for now. Companies named include AgiBot, X Square Robot, Deep Robotics and Mech-Mind Robotics. People close to investors said regulators are questioning whether revenue from data-collection centres reflects genuine commercial demand, and Unitree's shares, which rose more than fivefold on their Shanghai debut, had fallen 55% from their peak. It moves no robot price, but it is a funding signal for the Chinese makers behind much of this catalog.
- Milestone
Boston Dynamics opens an Atlas training center inside Hyundai's Georgia Metaplant
Boston Dynamics launched its Robotics Metaplant Application Center at Hyundai Motor Group Metaplant America outside Savannah, Georgia, on 21 September 2026, where Atlas robots now train on manufacturing tasks. Hyundai plans 25,000 Atlas units across Hyundai and Kia plants over the next few years and a US plant able to build 30,000 robots a year. Atlas stays business-only with no public price.
- Launch
Qiyuan (PrimeBOT) prices its Q1 personal humanoid at 19,999 yuan in China
Qiyuan Robot set the price of the Q1, an 88 cm biped it calls a personal robot, at 19,999 yuan (about $2,800), with an Explorer edition that adds developer SDK and hardware access at 26,999 yuan. The Q1 has 22 degrees of freedom (4 per arm, 6 per leg and 2 in the waist) and folds to fit in a backpack. Pricing was announced for China. It undercuts the Unitree R1 Air's 29,900 yuan China price.
- Availability
Faraday Future starts selling two biped humanoids under its own brand, from $9,990
Faraday Future put the FF Master Mini (a 94 cm, 22-DOF biped at $9,990, with Pro and Ultra versions at $12,990 and $17,990) and the full-size FF All-New Futurist ($89,900, Ultra $129,900) on its online store with an add-to-cart button on 19 September 2026. FF does not name the maker of either machine; the Master Mini's documentation refers to Booster's joystick, SDK and training gym, which points to a rebadged Booster K1, so compare it with the K1 listed here before paying the US brand's price.
- Regulation
Rainbow Robotics halts US shipments of the RB-Y1 under the FCC robot rule
Samsung's Rainbow Robotics told The Korea Herald that the RB-Y1 volumes scheduled to ship to the US in August and September 2026 could not go out, because the FCC's Covered List action of 28 July bars new foreign-made robots from the equipment authorization needed to sell them in the US unless they obtain Conditional Approval. The rule follows where a robot is built, not who owns the maker, so a Korean machine is covered too. Rainbow is applying for approval and preparing the US manufacturing plan it requires, and expects exports to resume once approved.
- Now shipping
UBTech begins UWORLD U1 deliveries, first to business partners, after 13,000-plus preorders
UBTech, the maker of the Walker S2 and Yanshee also tracked in this catalog, began delivering the UWORLD U1 on September 16, 2026, after officially unveiling the line at its Global Launch Event in Shenzhen on June 30. The first named recipients were businesses rather than consumers: the Shanghai Yongda and Beijing Bos car-dealer groups and Korea's Galaxy robot park, with experience centres planned at dealerships for public demonstrations. Cross-channel preorders had passed 13,361 units, UBTech targets more than 10,000 delivered in 2026, and every preorder holder was promised delivery by December 31. The line spans three tiers: the semi-torso U1 Lite from 119,800 yuan (about $16,500), the full-body U1 Pro at 169,800 yuan (about $23,400), and the high-dynamic full-body U1 Ultra up to 990,000 yuan (about $136,000). Read honestly what it is: UBTech positions the U1 as an ultra-bionic emotional companion with lifelike silicone skin, sold to adults for companionship, that by its own description does not clean or cook. It is listed in this catalog as exactly that, a full-size companion humanoid rather than a general-purpose worker, with its capability rated honestly, and it stays a preorder here until consumer deliveries are confirmed.
- Launch
Agility unveils Digit 5 and targets the EU and UK, with general availability by the end of 2027
Agility Robotics unveiled Digit 5 on 15 September 2026. Its SEC filings say Digit 5 is expected to carry a CE mark, that commercial deployment outside North America will start with the European Union and the United Kingdom, and that early access is expected in the first half of 2027, with general availability for manufacturing, warehouse and distribution operators by the end of 2027. The same filings report more than $300 million in multi-year customer orders for Digit 5 as of May 2026, subject to contractual milestones. It remains an enterprise deployment, not a machine an individual can order.
- Launch
Unitree launches the G1+, an upgraded G1 at about $15,000
Unitree launched the G1+ on 14 September 2026 at 95,000 yuan including tax in China, where the original G1 starts at 85,000 yuan, and its product page lists it at US $15K before tax and shipping, with the G1+ EDU sold through Unitree's sales team. The upgrades are in the body: a 2-DOF neck (25 DOF in total), shoulder and waist motors with 110% more peak torque and 72% less heat, arm motors with 43% more peak torque, and support for continuous operation on external power. The base G1 stays listed at $13,500 on Unitree's shop, so the G1+ is an upgrade tier rather than a replacement.
- Regulation
The FCC's first Covered List exemptions for robots go to robotic mowers, not humanoids
Under the Covered List rule that since 28 July 2026 bars new foreign-made advanced robotic devices from US equipment authorization, the FCC announced the first Department of War conditional approvals on 9 September 2026 (Public Notice DA 26-957). The only robots cleared were Husqvarna's 305v IQ, 310v IQ, 420v IQ and 440v IQ robotic mower platforms, alongside several router lines. No humanoid has a conditional approval, so a new foreign-made humanoid still cannot be authorized for the US market, while models authorized before 28 July, such as the current Unitree G1, remain grandfathered.
- Milestone
XPeng's first production IRON walks off its new humanoid line
XPeng commissioned its humanoid robot production lines on 8 September 2026, and the first IRON built on them walked off the line. XPeng lists 76 degrees of freedom across the body and 21 in each hand. It is the start of manufacturing, not of sales: IRON still has no price and no order channel.
- Security
Two published CVEs let an attacker on the same network, or within Bluetooth range, take root control of the Unitree G1 EDU
CVE-2026-76639, published on 27 August 2026, describes G1 EDU firmware through version 1.5.2 letting an unauthenticated attacker on the same network run commands as root. It chains three weaknesses: an unauthenticated WebRTC-to-DDS bridge on TCP port 9991, a static AES-128 key stored with world-readable permissions, and a path traversal in the chat_go knowledge upload API. The CVE record names no fixed firmware version. A second record published the same day, CVE-2026-76640, covers the same firmware: crafted Bluetooth (BLE) writes to the Wi-Fi provisioning service give an unauthenticated attacker within radio range root code execution without pairing, and CISA rates a proof of concept as available. It follows the 2025 UniPwn Bluetooth flaw that affected the G1 and other Unitree robots. Before putting a G1 EDU on a shared network, check its firmware against Unitree's release notes and keep it on an isolated network segment; that does not stop the Bluetooth attack, which only needs radio range, and neither record names a fixed firmware version.
- Milestone
Tiangong Ultra breaks 9 seconds in the 100m as the World Humanoid Robot Games close in Beijing
The 2026 World Humanoid Robot Games ran in Beijing from August 22 to 26, drawing 2,056 robots from 666 teams across 51 events: 30 head-to-head competitions (athletics, football, dance and more) plus 21 scenario-based tasks modeled on household chores, hotel service, industrial work, and disaster response. The meet's signature moment was the large-size-class 100m sprint: the Beijing Humanoid Robot Innovation Center's Tiangong Ultra lowered its own time across the week from 9.39s to 8.86s to a closing-day 8.64s, faster than Usain Bolt's 9.58s human world record. Read that comparison for what it is, a purpose-built, straight-line sprint run on a track built for it, not a general mobility, balance, or task-versatility benchmark, and Tiangong Ultra is a government and research-institute demonstrator with no price and no purchase path, so it adds no catalog entry here and moves no robot's price. AgiBot, cataloged on this site as the A2, topped the Games' overall medal table across the broader event slate. The signal for buyers is the pace of the underlying legged-locomotion and whole-body-control progress across the Chinese humanoid ecosystem, not a single robot's stopwatch time.
- Funding
XPeng's robotics unit raises over $900M at a $6.3B valuation, China's largest embodied-AI private round
XPeng's robotics business closed its first external funding round, raising more than $900 million at a post-money valuation above $6.3 billion, led by IDG Capital with Gaorong Ventures and strategic backers Tencent and Alibaba. XPeng called it the largest single-round private capital raise in China's embodied-AI industry to date. The capital funds Physical AI model training and end-to-end mass-production facilities for its Iron humanoid, which XPeng expects to enter mass production by the end of 2026, with initial deployment at its own stores and campuses before a commercial launch and deliveries in China and overseas in 2027. It moves no Iron price today (the robot is not yet purchasable), but it puts one of the sector's best-funded automaker-backed humanoid programs on a concrete production path and gives the XPeng Iron unveil already tracked here its financial backing.
- Funding
Unitree makes its Shanghai STAR Market debut, the first pure-play humanoid maker to trade on a mainland Chinese exchange
Unitree started trading on Shanghai's STAR Market (stock code 688836) on August 19, 2026. The shares opened at 1,100 yuan, up about 629% from the 150.80 yuan offer price, briefly lifting its market value near 445 billion yuan (about $66 billion), then gave back part of that pop to finish the first day at 845 yuan, about 460% above the offer, for a market capitalization near 342 billion yuan (about $50 billion). That is roughly five and a half times the 61 billion yuan at which it had priced on August 6, and it makes Unitree the first pure-play humanoid robot maker to trade on a mainland Chinese exchange, handing the sector its first live public valuation. The debut capped record demand: the retail tranche had been oversubscribed by more than 8,000 times, a STAR Market record for a technology offering. It moves no Unitree robot price today, but it puts the volume leader (maker of the R1, G1, H1 and H2) on a public balance sheet under daily market scrutiny, and a near-fivefold first-day pop over an offer already priced at more than 200 times earnings shows how much future growth the market is reading into the sector's first listed name.
- Launch
BYD unveils its first humanoid robot, Xiao Di
BYD, the world's largest maker of new-energy vehicles, unveiled its first humanoid robot in early August 2026: a service prototype nicknamed Xiao Di, shown at its Di Space experience venue in Zhengzhou. As reported (BYD has not published a full official spec sheet), it stands about 1.61 m, weighs about 58.5 kg, and has roughly 31 degrees of freedom, with 360-degree vision, facial recognition, and multilingual interaction across several Chinese dialects and foreign languages. The intent is retail rather than the factory floor: executive vice president Stella Li has said she hopes every BYD showroom eventually hosts two or three of the robots to greet customers and walk them through vehicles, within the next year or two. It is not a purchasable product and moves no price on this site, but the signal matters: BYD already deploys other makers' humanoids on its own assembly lines, and it is now building its own, joining Tesla, Xpeng and the Chinese robotics pure-plays in the race.
- Funding
Unitree prices its STAR Market IPO at a roughly $9B valuation, the first public price for a pure-play humanoid maker
Unitree priced its Shanghai STAR Market IPO at 150.80 yuan per share (about $22.3), far above the roughly 104 yuan analysts had modeled from the base fundraising target. At that price it sells about 40.4 million new shares (10% of its enlarged capital) to raise around 6.1 billion yuan (about $904 million) and carries a market value near 61 billion yuan (roughly $9 billion), well above the roughly 42 billion yuan implied when the deal launched on July 31. It is the first openly set public price for a pure-play humanoid robot maker, the valuation benchmark the sector has lacked. The strategic placement drew names that matter for the technology: DeepSeek's parent company took about 141 million yuan of stock, alongside Tencent, PetroChina and China Southern Power Grid, and Unitree framed the placements as a route to deeper joint work on AI foundation models and embodied intelligence. It priced while profitable, guiding to about 1.05 to 1.13 billion yuan of first-half 2026 revenue and 236 to 283 million yuan of net profit, though the offer still values it at more than 200 times earnings. Retail subscription runs August 10 with payment due August 12, ahead of the Shanghai listing. This moves no Unitree robot price today, but it puts a hard public number on the maker of the R1, G1, H1 and H2.
- Funding
Unitree launches its ~$620M STAR Market IPO and sets an Aug 10 subscription
Unitree formally launched its Shanghai STAR Market IPO, moving from the July 3 CSRC registration approval to a priced offering. It is issuing about 40 million new shares (roughly 10% of its enlarged share capital) to raise around 4.2 billion yuan (about $620M) at an implied valuation near 42 billion yuan (about $6B), which would make it mainland China's first major pure-play humanoid maker to trade publicly. The calendar is now fixed: institutional book-building begins Aug 5, the offer price is set Aug 6, the offline subscription date is Aug 10, and payment is due Aug 12. Its filing-to-approval process, at 104 days, was the fastest in STAR Market history. This does not move any Unitree robot price today, but it puts the maker of the R1, G1, H1 and H2 on a public balance sheet and under public disclosure for the first time, becoming the sector's first public valuation benchmark, and it resolves the not-yet-priced caveat this tracker logged on July 3.
- Milestone
Google DeepMind releases Gemini Robotics 2, extending humanoid control to the whole body
Google DeepMind released Gemini Robotics 2, a suite of three physical-AI models: Gemini Robotics 2 (a vision-language-action model that turns camera and language input into motor control), Gemini Robotics ER 2 (an embodied-reasoning model for multi-step planning and multi-robot collaboration), and Gemini Robotics On-Device 2 (an optimized on-device VLA that adapts to a new robot body within hours). It is the first in the family to coordinate legs, torso, arms and hands under a single policy, whole-body control from feet to fingertips, moving beyond the upper-body manipulation of the Gemini Robotics 1.5 generation. Google DeepMind demonstrated it running whole-body autonomous tasks (walking, crouching, and manipulating objects) on Apptronik's Apollo 2, the current-generation Apollo humanoid tracked in this catalog.
- Regulation
The FCC bars new foreign-made humanoid robots from the US market by adding them to its Covered List
On July 28, 2026 the FCC's Public Safety and Homeland Security Bureau (Public Notice DA 26-786) added foreign-produced "advanced robotic devices" (mobile robots including humanoids and quadrupeds, and other autonomous mobile robots over about 4.4 lb whose operation depends on software, firmware, or AI) plus foreign-produced power inverters to its Covered List under the Secure and Trusted Communications Networks Act. Once on the Covered List, covered equipment is prohibited from receiving the FCC equipment authorization that a device must have before it can be imported, marketed, or sold in the United States, so a new foreign-made humanoid model is effectively shut out of the US market going forward. The action is not retroactive: the FCC confirmed it does not affect a consumer's continued use of a device already acquired, nor a retailer's ability to keep importing and selling a model that was already authorized before that date, and previously approved models may still receive security and firmware updates through at least January 1, 2029. A narrow conditional-approval pathway exists (the Department of War evaluates robot submissions) and the federal government is exempt. Chinese makers Unitree and AgiBot are the practical targets; the current Unitree G1 already holds an FCC authorization (FCC ID 2A5PE-YUSHU008), so it is grandfathered while a brand-new unauthorized import is not. This is an import-authorization barrier, not a tariff, and it stacks on top of the roughly 40% China duty.
- Funding
AgiBot starts a Hong Kong IPO process, putting a second humanoid maker on the road to public markets
AgiBot (Zhiyuan Robotics), the Shanghai maker behind the A2 and the A3 Ultra, initiated the process for a Hong Kong listing, the second pure-play humanoid IPO to move in parallel with Unitree's Shanghai offering. What is confirmed at this stage is only that the process has begun: Reuters-sourced reports add that the company has reportedly appointed banks (CICC, CITIC Securities and Morgan Stanley are the names cited) and is reportedly targeting a valuation of roughly HK$40 billion to HK$50 billion (about $5.1 billion to $6.4 billion), selling on the order of 15 to 25 percent of its shares to raise more than $1 billion, all subject to market conditions and regulatory approval. Those figures are reported rather than filed, so treat them as a target, not a price. Founded in 2023 by former Huawei engineer Peng Zhihui, AgiBot shipped more than 5,100 humanoids in 2025 and rolled its 15,000th robot off the line in June 2026. Two Chinese humanoid makers pursuing public listings within weeks of each other is the clearest sign yet that the sector is crossing from venture rounds into public capital markets.
- Tariff
The US duty on a Chinese robot rose to about 40%: Section 122 expired and a Section 301 forced-labor duty took its place the same morning
Two things happened at 12:01 a.m. EDT on July 24, 2026. The 10% Section 122 global surcharge (imposed Feb 24, 2026) hit its statutory 150-day cap and expired by operation of law, and USTR's forced-labor Section 301 action took effect at exactly the same moment, covering 60 investigated economies at 10% or 12.5% depending on each one's forced-labor import regime. The gap window importers had been planning around never opened. China is in the 12.5% tier (HTS 9903.05.31) and the new duty is additive there, so the rate collected on a China-built robot went from about 37.5% to about 40% (2.5% MFN base on HTS 8479.50, plus the durable 25% Section 301 List 1, plus 12.5% forced-labor), and unlike Section 122 it carries no rate cap and no expiration. The action also reaches origins that used to pay only the 2.5% base: EU-origin machines now clear at a combination rate of 10%, Japan and Korea at 12.5%, and the UK at 2.5% plus 10%. On a $13,500 Unitree G1 the duty bill is now about $5,400, which pushes a direct import to roughly $19,450 to $20,700 landed and puts it clearly above RoboStore's $17,990 US-stock price. The action is already being challenged: on the day it took effect the Liberty Justice Center filed Burlap & Barrel, Inc. v. Greer in the US Court of International Trade, arguing USTR cannot impose a blanket duty across 60 economies without Section 301's country-specific findings, and asking the court to preserve importers' refund rights. That is the same firm, and the same trial court, behind V.O.S. Selections, the case the Supreme Court decided in February when it struck down the IEEPA tariffs. The challenge widened on August 3, 2026, when twenty-five state attorneys general, co-led by Oregon, Arizona and California, filed a parallel complaint in the same court, calling the action ultra vires and arbitrary and capricious for spreading a near-uniform 10 to 12.5 percent across 60 economies without the country-specific findings Section 301 requires. The Court of International Trade set oral argument for September 30, 2026, hearing the small-business challenge (Burlap & Barrel, joined by watch importer Collective Horology), the twenty-five-state complaint, and a separate coalition of importers together under a master case, so no ruling is expected before then. So treat this rate as live rather than settled.
- Milestone
Figure's BotQ manufactures its 1,000th Figure 03, a build count and not a delivery count
Figure CEO Brett Adcock said on X and LinkedIn that BotQ had manufactured its 1,000th Figure 03, shown as a gold-finished commemorative unit. Read the verb: this is a manufacturing count. Figure's own wording on 29 April 2026 was that it had been "delivering over 350" third-generation robots, and the 23 July post says it "manufactured our 1,000th", so the two numbers measure different things and cannot be added together or treated as the same milestone reached twice. The ramp is genuinely steep (a build rate of roughly one robot per hour in April, and a cumulative build count in four figures about three months later), but it changes nothing a buyer can act on: the Figure 03 is still not purchasable at any price, offered only as enterprise Robot-as-a-Service contracts (BMW Spartanburg is the flagship deployment) plus an invite-only US home alpha.
- Milestone
Tesla's Q2 2026 call: Optimus still not in production, first units bound for an internal training academy
On its July 22, 2026 second-quarter earnings call, Tesla confirmed Optimus has not entered production. It has decommissioned the Fremont Model S/X assembly lines and is installing first-generation Optimus lines there, with initial manufacturing runs expected in Q3 2026. No unit count or weekly-unit target was disclosed. Early Fremont-built units are earmarked for an internal 'Optimus Academy' for training-data collection and software development, not customers, and Musk called it the hardest product Tesla has ever tried to scale. For buyers this means there is still no consumer or commercial Optimus to purchase, which is why it is tracked here but not listed as an orderable machine.
- Funding
Humanoid raises a $152M Series A at a $1.35B valuation, Europe's first pure-play humanoid unicorn
UK-based Humanoid (maker of the HMND 01) closed a $152M Series A at a $1.35B post-money valuation, led by Prime Movers Lab with Schaeffler, Bosch, Fubon Financial Holding Venture Capital and Aglae Ventures, making it what it calls Europe's first pure-play humanoid robotics unicorn (about $270M raised to date). The round is anchored by industrial commitments: a 1,000-robot order from Schaeffler, Bosch lined up to manufacture Humanoid's wheeled robots at up to 100,000 units, and a reported 34,000 pre-orders. The capital funds its next-generation platform and commercial deployments.
- Launch
AgiBot unveils the A3 Ultra and three more robots at WAIC 2026
At WAIC 2026 in Shanghai, AgiBot debuted a four-product lineup led by the A3 Ultra humanoid: about 1.74 m and 60 kg, 51 degrees of freedom, up to 5 kg payload per arm, roughly 8 hours of runtime with battery swapping and autonomous charging, and 700 TOPS of onboard compute on NVIDIA Thor. It signals the pace of the Chinese humanoid frontier the month this catalog was last verified.
- Milestone
Hyundai takes full ownership of Boston Dynamics, buying out SoftBank's remaining stake
Hyundai Motor Group agreed to acquire SoftBank's remaining roughly 10% stake in Boston Dynamics for about $325M, making the robotics company a wholly owned subsidiary. SoftBank had exercised a put option carried over from the 2021 deal, and its predetermined price values Boston Dynamics at about $3.3B. The four Hyundai affiliates that hold the shares (Hyundai Motor, Kia, Mobis and Glovis) each cleared the purchase and the transaction completed on July 20, 2026, the day the option expired. Hyundai said full ownership lets it build an integrated AI robotics ecosystem. Hyundai plans to train Atlas at its Robot Metaplant Application Center and deploy it at Hyundai Motor Group Metaplant America beginning in 2028, initially on parts-sequencing tasks.
- Milestone
Hyundai's union strikes with humanoid deployment on the bargaining table for the first time
About 35,000 unionized workers at Hyundai's Ulsan complex, the plants that build roughly half of Hyundai's global output, went into partial strike because the annual wage negotiation deadlocked after 15 rounds since 8 July. The money on the table is conventional: the union asks a 149,600 won monthly base-pay rise plus a performance bonus worth 30% of last year's net profit, against management's offer of 89,000 won plus a 350% bonus. What is new is a plank inside that same negotiation: the union wants a labor-management agreement signed before any robot enters a Hyundai workplace. The record, by date rather than as running commentary: day and night shifts finished two hours early from 13 to 15 July; four-hour daily stoppages ran from 20 to 22 July, the same week Hyundai took full ownership of Boston Dynamics; and a third round of four-hour daily walkouts was called for 29 to 31 July. Forbes headlined it the first humanoid robot strike ever, which is Forbes' framing of a wage strike that happens to carry a robot clause. The narrower claim is the defensible one, and it is the one that matters for buyers: humanoid deployment has reached an automaker's bargaining table. No Atlas has been assigned a task at a Korean plant yet, and the announced deployment starts in 2028 at Hyundai's non-unionized Georgia plant.
- Funding
Walden Robotics launches from stealth with a $300M seed at a $1.1B valuation
Walden Robotics, a Cambridge, Massachusetts spinout of the Toyota Research Institute, emerged from stealth with about $300M in seed funding at a $1.1B valuation, co-led by Deviation Capital and Toyota, with NVIDIA, Boeing, AE Industrial Partners, Samsung Ventures and CoreWeave Ventures participating. Its general-purpose, self-learning robots are already running in production at a Toyota plant in North America, one of the earliest large-scale Physical AI deployments from a newly launched company.
- Funding
LimX Dynamics raises ~$200M pre-IPO at a ~$2.21B valuation
Shenzhen maker LimX Dynamics closed a pre-IPO round of nearly $200M (15 billion yuan post-money, about $2.21B) led by IDG Capital, Lens Technology and Abu Dhabi's Stone Venture, bringing its six-month total to about $400M. LimX said it will ship thousands of humanoids to the Middle East and is delivering its Luna entertainment humanoid to customers in South Korea, as it pursues an IPO.
- Funding
AI2 Robotics raises about $735M at roughly a $2.8B to $3B valuation
Beijing-based AI2 Robotics disclosed roughly $735M in financing at about a $2.8B to $3B valuation (around 50 billion RMB), among the largest humanoid rounds in China this year. Its AlphaBot 2 is a wheeled bimanual humanoid with 30-plus degrees of freedom driven by the company's Alpha Brain foundation model, aimed at logistics, manufacturing, and retail deployments.
- Milestone
Mitsubishi Motors signs on to mass-produce humanoids with University of Tokyo spinout Highlanders
Mitsubishi Motors and Highlanders, a startup out of the University of Tokyo, signed an MOU to jointly develop humanoid robots for Mitsubishi's own manufacturing plants and to mass-produce Highlanders' robots in currently unused buildings at Mitsubishi's Kyoto Plant, with the two examining a production start in early 2027. Mitsubishi calls it the first collaboration of its kind between an automaker and a humanoid robotics developer to cover mass production, which makes it a supply-side commitment rather than another pilot deployment, and the first one from a Japanese automaker.
- Funding
Unitree wins CSRC approval for a ~$619M STAR Market IPO
China's securities regulator approved Unitree's registration for an initial public offering on the Shanghai STAR Market, aiming to raise about 4.2 billion yuan (roughly $619M) by selling at least 40.4 million shares, which would make it one of the first pure-play humanoid makers on a public market. It is an approval, not a listing: as of July 26, 2026 the offer price and subscription dates had still not been set and no Unitree share had priced or traded, with a debut reported as likely in late July or early August. Unitree said it shipped over 5,500 humanoids in 2025.
- Tariff
EU removes tariffs on US industrial goods under the trade framework
Following European Parliament and Council approval, the EU eliminated duties on imports of US industrial goods (including machinery) as of July 1, 2026, implementing its side of the 2025 EU-US trade framework. This affects the landed cost of US-origin robotics in the EU.
- Launch
UBTech launches the UWORLD U1, a full-size mass-produced humanoid
At its 2026 Global Launch Event in Shenzhen, UBTech unveiled the UWORLD U1 series (U1 Lite, U1 Pro and U1 Ultra) with 88 degrees of freedom and a biomimetic cervical spine, starting at 119,800 yuan (about $16,500). UBTech reported cumulative orders above 13,361 units on launch day.
- Launch
Apptronik unveils Apollo 2 and opens its Robot Park training facility
Apptronik unveiled Apollo 2, its current-generation humanoid offered in both bipedal and wheeled-base configurations (the wheeled base conforms to industrial mobile-robot safety standards), and opened the expanded Robot Park, a nearly 90,000 sq ft data-collection and training facility in Austin, Texas. Fleets of Apollo 2 continuously collect real-world data across Robot Park and customer sites under Apptronik's research partnership with Google DeepMind, feeding its Gemini Robotics models.
- Milestone
AgiBot rolls its 15,000th robot off the line, marking humanoid mass production at scale
AgiBot produced its 15,000th robot on June 28, 2026 (an AgiBot G2), a marker of embodied-AI manufacturing reaching scale. Its output accelerated sharply: it went from 1,000 to 5,000 units in about a year, from 5,000 to 10,000 in three months, then on to 15,000. The G2 is a wheeled mobile manipulator with a humanoid torso and arms, validated on factory lines.
- Milestone
Figure 03 deployed at BMW Spartanburg for logistics sequencing
Following the Figure 02 body-shop pilot, BMW began running the Figure 03 humanoid on complex logistics sequencing at its Spartanburg plant, autonomously picking unsorted parts from containers into sequencing trolleys for just-in-sequence delivery. The Figure 03 adds tactile finger sensors, palm cameras, soft safety covers and wireless charging.
- Price
Unitree cuts the R1 Air 25% to RMB 29,900 and puts it in stock
Unitree cut the R1 Air's China starting price from RMB 39,900 to RMB 29,900 (about $4,150), a 25% cut, and switched the model from backorder to immediate delivery. The global direct price stayed at $4,900 and US-fulfilled reseller pricing was unchanged, so the cut moved the floor of the category in China first rather than everywhere at once. It is the sharpest price move in the walking-humanoid market this catalog has logged, and it is why the R1 Air's China price and its export price now diverge by roughly $750 before shipping and duty.
- Funding
Agility Robotics signs a $2.5B SPAC deal to list Digit on Nasdaq
Agility Robotics agreed to go public via a merger with Churchill Capital XI at a roughly $2.5B valuation, aiming to become the first US-listed pure-play humanoid company, expected to trade on Nasdaq as AGLT. The filing cites over $300M in committed multi-year orders for the Digit v5 platform. The deal is expected to close by the end of 2026.
- Funding
NEURA Robotics announces a record Series C of up to $1.4B
German maker NEURA Robotics announced a Series C of up to $1.4B, backed by Tether, Qualcomm, Amazon, NVIDIA, Bosch, the European Investment Bank and others, reportedly valuing the company around $7B. The capital funds serial production of its 4NE1 humanoid and its Neura Gyms training environments.
- Regulation
Pentagon adds Unitree to its Section 1260H Chinese Military Companies list
The US Department of Defense's updated Section 1260H list (188 entities) added Unitree (Hangzhou Yushu Technology) alongside other robotics makers. The designation blocks new DoD contracts with listed firms from June 30, 2026 (broadening to goods produced or developed by them on June 30, 2027) and can trigger Treasury securities restrictions. It is a procurement and reputational designation, not a consumer import ban: a private buyer can still import a Unitree, but federal, defense, and federally funded buyers should treat it as disqualifying.
- Tariff
USTR determines a new Section 301 forced-labor action against about 60 trading partners, ~12.5% on China
USTR found on June 2, 2026 that all 60 economies it had investigated failed to impose or effectively enforce a ban on importing goods made with forced labor, and proposed additional duties: roughly 12.5% on 46 of them including China, and roughly 10% on the other 14 (among them the EU, Canada, Mexico, and the UK). Public comments closed July 6, 2026 and a hearing followed on July 7. Unlike the balance-of-payments surcharge it was lined up to succeed, Section 301 carries no statutory rate cap and no expiration, so it was positioned to backfill the lapsing 10% Section 122 surcharge rather than let landed costs fall. That is exactly what happened: the action took effect on July 24, 2026, the morning the surcharge expired, and on a China-built robot it stacks on the existing 25% China Section 301 list.
- Milestone
NVIDIA, Unitree and Sharpa launch the first open humanoid reference robot on Isaac GR00T
At Computex 2026 in Taipei, NVIDIA unveiled the NVIDIA Isaac GR00T Reference Humanoid Robot for academic research, an open, standardized platform built from a Unitree H2 body, Sharpa five-fingered dexterous hands, NVIDIA Jetson Thor onboard compute, and the open Isaac GR00T models and software. Unitree announced its specific configuration as the H2 Plus. Leading research institutions including Ai2, ETH Zurich, the Stanford Robotics Center and UC San Diego's Advanced Robotics and Controls Laboratory are set to build on it to advance frontier humanoid research, and the reference robot is to be available from Unitree in late 2026. It hands researchers one off-the-shelf hardware-plus-model stack instead of each lab assembling its own, consolidating the NVIDIA and Unitree axis that already anchors much of the open humanoid ecosystem.
- Regulation
EU agrees to defer the AI Act's high-risk (Annex III) obligations to 2027
The Council and Parliament reached a provisional Digital Omnibus agreement on May 7, 2026, deferring the AI Act's obligations for standalone Annex III high-risk AI systems to Dec 2, 2027 (and Annex I product-embedded systems to Aug 2, 2028). Final adoption followed the concrete chain: the European Parliament adopted the text on June 16, 2026, the Council gave final approval on June 29, 2026, the act was signed on July 8, 2026, it was published in the Official Journal on July 24, 2026 as Regulation (EU) 2026/1744, and it entered into force on July 27, 2026 (the third day after publication). This reshapes the timeline for the AI that powers humanoids sold in the EU.
- Milestone
1X opens its NEO factory in Hayward and begins production
1X opened its NEO factory in Hayward, California, described as America's first vertically integrated humanoid robot factory, and began full-scale production with capacity for about 10,000 NEOs per year. The line is supplying 1X's own R&D and internal home-testing programs first: no customer NEO delivery had been verified as of July 2026, and domestic shipments to the public are still scheduled to begin in 2026.
- Milestone
Figure reaches one robot per hour at BotQ, with 350+ Figure 03 delivered
Figure said it scaled its BotQ factory 24x in under 120 days, from one robot per day in January to one robot per hour, having delivered over 350 Figure 03 units and tracking to build 55 robots that week. BotQ's first-generation line is designed for up to 12,000 humanoids a year. It is the clearest evidence to date that the Figure 03 is a manufactured machine on a real cadence rather than a demo unit, which is the fact a buyer weighing it against the Chinese volume makers actually needs.
- Milestone
NVIDIA releases GR00T N1.7, the current open humanoid foundation model
NVIDIA released Isaac GR00T N1.7, its current open vision-language-action foundation model for generalist humanoids. The two halves carry different licences: the Isaac-GR00T code is Apache 2.0, while the model weights ship under the NVIDIA Open Model License, which does permit commercial use and derivative models. It is pretrained on about 20,000 hours of EgoScale human egocentric video (the work that revealed a scaling law for robot dexterity: going from 1,000 to 20,000 hours more than doubles average task completion), ships a roughly 3-billion-parameter base checkpoint on GitHub and Hugging Face, and is demonstrated on the Unitree G1. It supersedes N1.6 as the current release in the GR00T line, and its own previewed successor, GR00T N2, is slated for release by the end of 2026.
- Milestone
NVIDIA previews GR00T N2, a next-generation world-action successor to the GR00T line
At GTC 2026, NVIDIA previewed Isaac GR00T N2, a next-generation robot foundation model built on its DreamZero research and a new world-action-model architecture. NVIDIA says N2 succeeds at new tasks in new environments more than twice as often as leading vision-language-action models, and it currently ranks first on the MolmoSpaces and RoboArena generalist-policy leaderboards. N2 is slated to be available by the end of 2026; GR00T N1.6 is the current shipping open model at the time of this preview, with N1.7 following in April 2026.
- Tariff
US Supreme Court strikes down the IEEPA tariffs; a 10% Section 122 surcharge replaces them
On Feb 20, 2026 the Supreme Court held in Learning Resources, Inc. v. Trump that IEEPA does not authorize presidential tariffs, terminating the IEEPA-based duties. Within hours the administration imposed a 10% global surcharge under Section 122 of the Trade Act of 1974 on products from all countries, effective 12:01 a.m. Feb 24, 2026. Section 301 (the separate 25% on China-origin robots) was NOT affected and remains in force, so the effective duty on a China-built robot stays around 37.5% (2.5% MFN base + 25% Section 301 + 10% Section 122).
- Funding
Apptronik raises a $520M Series A extension at a $5B valuation
Apptronik closed a $520M Series A-X extension (existing backers B Capital, Google and Mercedes-Benz, plus new investors including AT&T Ventures, John Deere and the Qatar Investment Authority), bringing its total Series A to over $935M at a $5B valuation. The capital funds Apollo production scale-up and pilot deployments.
- Launch
Boston Dynamics reveals the electric production Atlas at CES 2026
At CES 2026 (during Hyundai's media day), Boston Dynamics unveiled the production version of its all-electric Atlas and began production at its Boston headquarters. The company said 2026 output is fully committed to Hyundai (its Robotics Metaplant Application Center) and to Google DeepMind, which is integrating its foundation models into Atlas, with additional external customers planned from early 2027.
- Tariff
Next scheduled Section 301 tariff increases on China take effect
USTR's finalized Section 301 review set further duty increases on certain Chinese products to take effect on Jan 1, 2026 (following the Jan 1, 2025 step). Buyers of China-built robotics should confirm each model's HTS category and any active machinery exclusion.
- Milestone
NVIDIA releases GR00T N1.6, extending the open humanoid foundation-model line
NVIDIA released GR00T N1.6, an improved open foundation model for generalist humanoid robots, built on an internal Cosmos-2B VLM variant with a 2x larger diffusion transformer (32 layers versus 16 in N1.5). NVIDIA demonstrated it running locomanipulation tasks on the Unitree G1. It extended the GR00T line that began with N1 in March 2025 and set the stage for N1.7 in April 2026.
- Launch
XPeng unveils next-gen Iron humanoid, mass production targeted late 2026
At its 2025 AI Day, XPeng unveiled a next-generation Iron humanoid with a bionic spine, flexible skin and 22-DoF hands, targeting large-scale mass production by the end of 2026. It is aimed first at commercial service roles.
- Preorder
1X opens consumer preorders for the NEO home humanoid
1X opened preorders for NEO at $20,000 (or $499/month, six-month minimum) with a refundable $200 deposit, US deliveries slated to begin in 2026. Early tasks rely partly on remote human teleoperation, with autonomy growing via software updates.
- Launch
Unitree unveils the H2, a lifelike full-size humanoid
Unitree revealed the H2, a roughly 1.8 m, 70 kg humanoid with a synthetic face and around 31 DoF, shown dancing, boxing and walking a runway. It scales from Intel Core i5 compute up to NVIDIA Jetson AGX Thor.
- Launch
Figure unveils the Figure 03, a home-focused humanoid
Figure introduced the Figure 03, a 168 cm, 60 kg humanoid with soft textile coverings, wireless foot charging and tactile hands, powered by its Helix AI. It is aimed at home and commercial use, with wider availability not expected until late 2026 at the earliest.
- Milestone
Google DeepMind releases Gemini Robotics 1.5 and Gemini Robotics On-Device
Google DeepMind released Gemini Robotics 1.5, a vision-language-action model that reasons before acting and transfers skills across embodiments, alongside Gemini Robotics On-Device, described as the first fine-tunable VLA that can adapt to a new task with just 50 to 100 demonstrations. Though trained for other robots, the on-device model was adapted to control Apptronik's Apollo humanoid.
- Funding
Figure raises over $1B Series C at a $39B valuation
Figure closed a Series C exceeding $1B at a $39B post-money valuation, led by Parkway Venture Capital with NVIDIA, Brookfield, Intel Capital, Qualcomm Ventures and others. The round funds BotQ manufacturing scale-up and real-world deployments.
- Milestone
NVIDIA Jetson Thor becomes generally available for humanoids
NVIDIA announced general availability of the Blackwell-powered Jetson AGX Thor developer kit and production modules, delivering up to 2,070 FP4 TFLOPS for on-robot AI. It is the compute increasingly cited by humanoid makers including Unitree's H2.
- Tariff
US and EU agree a 15% reciprocal tariff framework
A joint EU-US statement set a framework capping US tariffs on most EU goods at 15% (no stacking) while the EU committed to eliminate tariffs on US industrial goods. Implementation legislation advanced in 2026, with EU industrial-goods duties on US imports removed as of July 1, 2026.
- Regulation
EU AI Act obligations for general-purpose AI models begin applying
As of Aug 2, 2025, the EU AI Act's governance rules and obligations for general-purpose AI (GPAI) models became applicable, with full AI Office enforcement powers following on Aug 2, 2026. These obligations reach the AI models that increasingly power humanoid robots sold in the EU.
- Launch
Unitree launches the R1 humanoid at $5,900
Unitree unveiled the R1, a 25 kg, 26-DoF humanoid with an onboard multimodal AI model, at 39,900 yuan (about $5,900), timed with WAIC in Shanghai. It is one of the most affordable full-featured humanoids to date, marketed as movement-first.
- Launch
Booster Robotics launches the K1 education humanoid under $5,000
Booster Robotics launched the K1, a roughly 95 cm, 22-DoF humanoid on NVIDIA Jetson Orin NX, starting at about $4,999 for education and R&D. The platform's pedigree was tied to RoboCup 2025 KidSize wins in Salvador, Brazil.
- Launch
UBTech reveals Walker S2, the first humanoid that swaps its own battery
UBTech unveiled the industrial Walker S2, which autonomously swaps its own battery in about three minutes to run 24/7. UBTech says it entered mass production in November 2025 with orders exceeding 800 million RMB.
- Launch
Fourier launches the open-source N1 humanoid
Fourier Intelligence launched the N1, releasing its bill of materials, design schematics, assembly guides and basic operating software on GitHub. The 1.3 m, 38 kg robot is positioned as a fully open platform for research and development.
- Milestone
NVIDIA releases Isaac GR00T N1, an open humanoid foundation model
At GTC 2025, NVIDIA announced Isaac GR00T N1, described as the first open, customizable foundation model for generalist humanoid reasoning and skills, alongside simulation frameworks. The model line has since iterated to GR00T N1.7 (April 2026), now the current release, lowering the barrier to humanoid autonomy.
- Availability
Aldebaran (maker of NAO and Pepper) files for insolvency
Aldebaran, the French SoftBank-owned maker of the NAO and Pepper robots, filed for insolvency in mid-February 2025 after roughly 150 million euros in accumulated losses, and was placed in receivership. A French court ordered it shuttered in June 2025 after no buyer was found.
- Availability
Sanctuary AI moves Phoenix to enterprise data-capture focus (Gen 8)
Sanctuary AI announced the 8th generation of its Phoenix humanoid, optimized for high-quality data capture and enterprise pilots rather than consumer sale, following a leadership change and a convertible-note raise. Phoenix remains an enterprise/partner platform, not a consumer product.
- Launch
EngineAI launches the PM01, first humanoid to land a front flip
EngineAI released the open-source PM01 humanoid (138 cm, 40 kg, 23 DoF), later shown performing what the company calls the first robot front flip. It was offered around 88,000 yuan (about $12,000) on introductory pricing, later listed near $13,700.
- Milestone
Figure robots handle sheet metal on a live BMW production line
Figure's humanoids (Figure 02) began autonomously placing sheet metal parts on a live production line at BMW's Spartanburg, South Carolina plant. Over the pilot the robots contributed to assembly of more than 30,000 vehicles.
- Tariff
US Section 301 tariff hikes on Chinese imports take effect
USTR's finalized Section 301 modifications began taking effect on Sept 27, 2024, with further increases scheduled for Jan 1, 2025 and Jan 1, 2026. Certain industrial robots were placed in a machinery exclusion process, so import costs for China-built robotics depend on category and exclusion status.
- Milestone
Agility's Digit becomes the first humanoid deployed commercially at GXO
Agility Robotics' Digit began paid commercial operations at a GXO logistics facility, moving totes onto conveyors. GXO and Agility signed a multi-year Robots-as-a-Service (RaaS) agreement, the industry's first formal commercial humanoid deployment.
- Launch
Unitree unveils the G1 humanoid starting at $16,000
Unitree introduced the compact G1 humanoid (about 127 cm) at a starting price of $16,000, undercutting most full-size rivals and putting a walking humanoid within reach of labs and developers. Higher EDU configurations were priced well above the base unit.
- Milestone
Unitree H1 sets Guinness record as fastest full-size humanoid
Unitree's H1 was certified by Guinness World Records as the fastest full-sized humanoid robot, demonstrating a walking speed of about 3.3 m/s (7.38 mph). It later pushed sprint tests toward 10 m/s.
- Funding
Figure AI raises $675M Series B at a $2.6B valuation
Figure closed a $675M Series B backed by NVIDIA, Microsoft, OpenAI, Jeff Bezos and others, at a $2.6B valuation, alongside a collaboration agreement with OpenAI, to accelerate its general-purpose humanoid program. The round set the stage for later BMW deployments and the Figure 03.
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